3 HU First Semester. A seminar examining the cultural and political forces of the late 19th and early 20th century which helped create an “adversary” relationship between “avant-garde” artists and middle-class society. The course focuses on those modernist movements that affected painting, literature, and theater. Major issues explored include: the relationship of the avant-garde to radical politics as well as to popular culture and the mass communications media, the “fate” of the avant-garde in the age of post-modernism, and the current controversies surrounding NEA funding for the work of artists such as Robert Mapplethorpe.