FCSSCIQFR4 credits How and why do cities form? How do economic forces shape the city’s formation, location, size, and function? We begin by looking at the economies and diseconomies of urban scale and the urban hierarchical network, as well as theories of land markets. We move to an economic- and policy-centered analysis of the challenges of urban life, such as zoning, housing, transportation, suburbanization, and the provision of public services.